Medicaid Eligibility Requirements

Medicaid eligibility requirements vary from state to state within the United States due to differences in state Medicaid programs and decisions regarding expansion of coverage under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). However, there are certain overarching eligibility criteria that apply across most states. Here are some common Medicaid eligibility requirements:

1. Income: Medicaid eligibility is based on income, and individuals must have income below a certain threshold to qualify. This threshold varies by state and is typically expressed as a percentage of the federal poverty level (FPL). Some states have expanded Medicaid coverage to adults with incomes up to 138% of the FPL, while others have lower income thresholds.
2. Household Size: Medicaid eligibility is also determined based on household size. Larger households may have higher income thresholds for eligibility.
3. Citizenship or Immigration Status: In general, to qualify for Medicaid, individuals must be U.S. citizens, nationals, or qualified immigrants with eligible immigration statuses. Some states offer Medicaid coverage to certain immigrant populations who may not qualify for federal Medicaid benefits.
4. Residency: Medicaid is primarily intended for residents of the state in which they are applying for benefits. Applicants must provide proof of residency in the state where they are seeking Medicaid coverage.
5. Categorical Eligibility: Medicaid provides coverage for specific categories of individuals, such as pregnant women, children, parents or caretaker relatives of dependent children, individuals with disabilities, and seniors. Eligibility criteria may vary for each category.
6. Aged, Blind, or Disabled (ABD): States must provide Medicaid coverage to certain individuals who are aged (65 or older), blind, or disabled, regardless of income. These individuals are often referred to as “categorically needy.”
7. Other Factors: Some states may consider additional factors when determining Medicaid eligibility, such as assets, medical condition, need for long-term care services, and enrollment in other assistance programs like Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF).

It’s important to note that eligibility rules and income thresholds for Medicaid can change over time and may be subject to updates based on federal and state policy decisions. Additionally, individuals who do not qualify for Medicaid may be eligible for subsidized coverage through the Health Insurance Marketplace established by the ACA.

To determine eligibility for Medicaid in a specific state, individuals can contact their state’s Medicaid agency or visit the official website of the state Medicaid program for more information and assistance with the application process.